DZone Snippets: Ocorpening's Code Snippets

C convert buffer to binary string

ocorpening (Owen Corpening) — Thu, 18 May 2006 20:54:04 GMT

// Sometimes one wants to see data in binary
// This method converts an arbitrary buffer to 1's and 0's



#include 

#include 

#include 

#include 



char *getBufferAsBinaryString(void *in)

{

	int pos=0;

	char result;

	char bitstring[256];

	memset(bitstring, 0, 256);

	unsigned int *input= (unsigned int *)in;

	for(int i=31;i>=0;i--)

	{

		if (((*input >> i) & 1)) result = '1';

		else result = '0';

		bitstring[pos] = result;

		if ((i>0) && ((i)%4)==0)

		{

			pos++;

			bitstring[pos] = ' ';

		}

		pos++;

	}

	return bitstring;

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

	int i=53003;

	char buffer[1024];

	char *s=getBufferAsBinaryString(&i);

	strcpy(buffer, s);

	printf("%s\n", buffer);

}

produces this output:
0000 0000 0000 0000 1100 1111 0000 1011

c C++ convert hex to ascii

ocorpening (Owen Corpening) — Thu, 18 May 2006 20:37:52 GMT

// Presented with hex such as 0x12345abc perhaps there is a spot in there
// which represents an ascii char - such as 53 would be 'S'
// Common when dealing with hardware-related data structures and wire
// protocols



#include 

#include 



/*

*	To convert 53 to the character 'S':

*	char returnVal = hexToString('5', '3');

*/

char hexToAscii(char first, char second)

{

	char hex[5], *stop;

	hex[0] = '0';

	hex[1] = 'x';

	hex[2] = first;

	hex[3] = second;

	hex[4] = 0;

	return strtol(hex, &stop, 16);

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

	printf("%c\n", hexToAscii('5', '3'));

}

produces this output:
S

Csharp format integer as hex string

ocorpening (Owen Corpening) — Thu, 18 May 2006 20:25:18 GMT

// Using the built in ability to print a byte as a hex value
// this set of methods gives the ability to print shorts
// and longs as hex using the spacing that is customary.



using System;



namespace testApp

{

	/// 

	/// Summary description for Class1.

	/// 

	class Class1

	{

		/// 

		/// The main entry point for the application.

		/// 

		[STAThread]

		static void Main(string[] args)

		{

			Class1 t = new Class1();

			long i = 12; // 

			Console.WriteLine(t.int32ToHexString(i));

		}



		private string int32ToHexString(long i)

		{

			byte[] int32Bytes;

			int32Bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(i);

			return String.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}",

				padString(int32Bytes[0].ToString("X")),

				padString(int32Bytes[1].ToString("X")),

				padString(int32Bytes[2].ToString("X")),

				padString(int32Bytes[3].ToString("X")));

		}



		private string int16ToHexString(short i)

		{

			byte[] int32Bytes;

			int32Bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(i);

			return String.Format("{0}{1}",

				padString(int32Bytes[0].ToString("X")),

				padString(int32Bytes[1].ToString("X")));

		}



		private string byteToHexString(byte b)

		{

			return padString(String.Format("{0}", b.ToString("X")));

		}



		private string padString(string s)

		{

			while (s.Length < 2) s = "0" + s;

			while (s.Length < 3) s = " " + s;

			return s;

		}

	}

}

produces this output:
0C 00 00 00

Csharp formatting an integer as a binary string representation

ocorpening (Owen Corpening) — Thu, 18 May 2006 20:20:18 GMT

// description of your code here



using System;



namespace testApp

{

	/// 

	/// Summary description for Class1.

	/// 

	class Class1

	{

		/// 

		/// The main entry point for the application.

		/// 

		[STAThread]

		static void Main(string[] args)

		{

			Class1 t = new Class1();

			long i = 12; // 

			Console.WriteLine(t.ConvertByteToBinaryString(i));

		}

		/// 

		/// Format integer as a binary string with spaces between every 4 bits

		/// 

		/// integer to format

		/// string of the form "0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0001 1000"

		private string ConvertByteToBinaryString(long input)

		{

			string result = null;

			string bitstring = null;

			for(int i=31;i>=0;i--)

			{

				if (((input >> i) & 1) == 1) result = "1";

				else result = "0";

				bitstring += result;

				if ((i>0) && ((i)%4)==0)

				{

					bitstring += " ";

				}

			}

			return bitstring;

		}

	}

}

produces this output:
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1100

Csharp bitfields

ocorpening (Owen Corpening) — Thu, 18 May 2006 20:08:49 GMT

// C# does not provide the ability to set a field within a byte to a value.
// It has the ability to set individual bits, but if you are accessing hardware
// you may need to set fields within bytes - no way jose. Until now!



/// 

/// SetField is used to set a certain set of bits to the value specified.

/// 

/// byte in which to set the field

/// value to set field to

/// bit number within byte where field begins

/// field size

private void SetField(ref long input, long value, byte location, int noBits)

{

	int size = 1;

	if ((location > 31) || (location < 0))

		throw new Exception("location out of range: " + location);

	if ((noBits > 31) || (noBits <= 0))

		throw new Exception("noBits out of range: " + noBits);

	if (noBits > 1) size = size << noBits;

	if ((value < 0) || (value > size))

		throw new Exception("value out of range: " + value);

	value = value << location;

	if (value < 0)

		throw new Exception("value out of range after shifting to field location: " + value);

	input = (input | value);

}

Test:



using System;



namespace testApp

{

	/// 

	/// Summary description for Class1.

	/// 

	class Class1

	{

		/// 

		/// The main entry point for the application.

		/// 

		[STAThread]

		static void Main(string[] args)

		{

			Class1 t = new Class1();

			long i = 2; // 

			Console.WriteLine(t.ConvertByteToBinaryString(i));

			t.SetField(ref i,5,8,4);

			Console.WriteLine(t.ConvertByteToBinaryString(i));

		}

		/// 

		/// SetField is used to set a certain set of bits to the value specified.

		/// 

		/// byte in which to set the field

		/// value to set field to

		/// bit number within byte where field begins

		/// field size

		private void SetField(ref long input, long value, byte location, int noBits)

		{

			int size = 1;

			if ((location > 31) || (location < 0))

				throw new Exception("location out of range: " + location);

			if ((noBits > 31) || (noBits <= 0))

				throw new Exception("noBits out of range: " + noBits);

			if (noBits > 1) size = size << noBits;

			if ((value < 0) || (value > size))

				throw new Exception("value out of range: " + value);

			value = value << location;

			if (value < 0)

				throw new Exception("value out of range after shifting to field location: " + value);

			input = (input | value);

		}

		/// 

		/// Format integer as a binary string with spaces between every 4 bits

		/// 

		/// integer to format

		/// string of the form "0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0110 0001 1000"

		private string ConvertByteToBinaryString(long input)

		{

			string result = null;

			string bitstring = null;

			for(int i=31;i>=0;i--)

			{

				if (((input >> i) & 1) == 1) result = "1";

				else result = "0";

				bitstring += result;

				if ((i>0) && ((i)%4)==0)

				{

					bitstring += " ";

				}

			}

			return bitstring;

		}

	}

}

Output from test:
C:\>testApp.exe
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0010
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0010
C:\>