The majority of personalized web sites use some kind of form-based password authentication where you have two form fields for username and password, and a login button. When you submit your authentication, the password is sent in the clear to the server for verification against a user database.

Using a Javascript SHA library and one simple onsubmit protects the password in transit and also inside the user database:

<form onsubmit="pwField.value = b64_sha256(pwField.value);">

Read this for more elaborations with increased security.